![]() The context is a feature branch that two people are working in parallel, where either person might force-push at any time. The context here is not a master branch that’s advancing. I was unable to confuse “git pull –rebase,” no matter how hard I tried. I tried squashes, merge-squashes, dropped commits, merge-base adjustments, and all sorts of other force-push craziness. Take two commits, look at their patch-ids, and if they’re the same, drop the local one.īut what about squashes and other force-pushes where git patch-id won’t help? What does “git pull -r” do in those cases? I created a series of synthetic force-pushes to find out. Thanks to the git patch-id command it’s easy to imagine how this mechanism might work. ![]() are omitted (i.e., a patch already accepted upstream with a different commit message or timestamp will be skipped).’ ‘Note that any commits in HEAD which introduce the same textual changes as a commit in HEAD. The official “git rebase” documentation attests to this: I’ve long known that “git pull –rebase” reconciles the local branch correctly against upstream amends, rebases, and reorderings. Conclusion: Time To Revise The Golden Rule Introduction Finally, Git gives some help by telling you the commands that are available to you when rebasing commits.4.After the commits, Git tells you the range of commits we're working with ( 41a72e6.7b36971).The changes you make are rebased onto your repository. The entire git rebase procedure centers around your manipulation of these three columns. Each line lists a command (by default, pick), the commit SHA, and the commit message.The commits you chose to rebase are sorted in the order of the oldest changes (at the top) to the newest changes (at the bottom).Seven commits are listed, which indicates that there were seven changes between our starting point and our current branch state.# However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.īreaking this information, from top to bottom, we see that: # If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST. # x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell # f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message # s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit # e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending # r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message Pick 7b36971 something to move before patch B ![]() That file looks something like this: pick 1fc6c95 Patch A No matter which command you use, Git will launch your default text editor and open a file that details the commits in the range you've chosen. exec This lets you run arbitrary shell commands against a commit. The commit is simply merged into the commit above it, and the earlier commit's message is used to describe both changes. fixup This is similar to squash, but the commit to be merged has its message discarded. Git gives you the chance to write a new commit message describing both changes. A commit is squashed into the commit above it. ![]() squash This command lets you combine two or more commits into a single commit. This allows you to split a large commit into smaller ones, or, remove erroneous changes made in a commit. You can also make more commits before you continue the rebase. edit If you choose to edit a commit, you'll be given the chance to amend the commit, meaning that you can add or change the commit entirely. Any changes made by the commit are not affected. reword The reword command is similar to pick, but after you use it, the rebase process will pause and give you a chance to alter the commit message. If you choose not to include a commit, you should delete the entire line. Rearranging the order of the pick commands changes the order of the commits when the rebase is underway. There are six commands available while rebasing: pick pick simply means that the commit is included. To rebase the last few commits in your current branch, you can enter the following command in your shell: git rebase -interactive HEAD~7 To rebase all the commits between another branch and the current branch state, you can enter the following command in your shell (either the command prompt for Windows, or the terminal for Mac and Linux): git rebase -interactive OTHER-BRANCH-NAME To learn how to safely rebase on, see " About pull request merges." Rebasing commits against a branch Warning: Because changing your commit history can make things difficult for everyone else using the repository, it's considered bad practice to rebase commits when you've already pushed to a repository. ![]()
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